Examining Current Engine Technologies for Emission Reduction
As the trend toward zero-emissions battery electric trucks peaks, the trucking sector is reassessing how both established and emerging internal combustion engine technologies can further decrease emissions. This examination is concentrated on engine components specifically.
“We concentrate on enhancing the efficiency of our current systems while working towards a more sustainable future,” stated Todd Anderson, vice president and chief technology officer at Phinia. He showcased high-efficiency components like closed-loop injectors and high-pressure pumps at the Phinia booth during the ACT Expo, which aim to support OEM platforms alongside providing opportunities for lifecycle extension through aftermarket availability.
Diesel Engine Enhancements: Progressing from Within
Despite its association with past emissions issues, diesel remains vital for commercial vehicles. Recent component improvements have yielded encouraging results, with some fleets reporting fuel economy enhancements of up to 10%—not just from fuel system upgrades, but with these upgrades playing a crucial role in the overall performance.
“Keeping existing vehicles operational for longer contributes to sustainability and lifecycle enhancement,” Anderson noted, stressing the importance of high-quality replacement parts for maintaining optimal fuel efficiency.
Revival in Medium-Duty Trucks: Advancements in GDI Systems
There’s renewed interest in gasoline-powered medium-duty trucks, particularly as OEMs seek lower-emission alternatives to diesel for urban and regional uses. Anderson highlighted Phinia’s latest gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems, which can achieve pressures of up to 500 bar.
“The advantage of our higher pressure lies in improved fuel atomization,” he explained. “This leads to better fuel economy and potentially lowers overall system costs by reducing filtration needs.” These GDI systems are available either as standalone components or as integrated solutions that include software alignment, offering OEMs flexibility for future retrofits.
Natural Gas and Hydrogen: An Evolving Landscape
Natural gas is undergoing reevaluation as fleets consider new 15-liter platforms such as the Cummins X15N, which may allow for blending compressed natural gas (CNG) with hydrogen. Anderson elaborated:
“CNG provides a carbon advantage, and some customers are mixing in a small percentage of hydrogen—around 10% to 15%—to enhance carbon benefits without compromising performance.” Phinia offers port fuel injection systems that cater to various flow levels for CNG and serve as a foundation for hydrogen applications, utilizing existing engineering efforts on gaseous fuel delivery.
Exploring Future Fuels: Alcohol and Beyond
Anderson also pointed to the increasing global interest in alcohol-based fuels like ethanol and methanol, particularly in regions such as Brazil. Utilizing 100% methanol or ethanol presents challenges related to corrosivity and material compatibility. Phinia has created components specifically designed to overcome these issues.
“Our technical team has addressed these challenges effectively,” he remarked. “We’re observing a positive response globally.”
A Realistic Path Forward
The key takeaway from the exhibit is clear: component-level innovation stands as a practical and scalable method to aid decarbonization efforts today. Whether fleets utilize diesel, gasoline, natural gas, or are investigating future fuel options, focusing on enhancing fuel system efficiency and durability remains crucial for sustainable operations.
